From the editor and writers of Bright Lights Film Journal
Action! Interviews with Directors from Classical Hollywood to Contemporary Iran
(Anthem Art and Culture), by Gary Morris (Editor), Bert Cardullo (Introduction), Jonathan Rosenbaum (Foreword). London and New York: Anthem Press, 2009.
(Anthem Art and Culture), by Gary Morris (Editor), Bert Cardullo (Introduction), Jonathan Rosenbaum (Foreword). London and New York: Anthem Press, 2009.
"I dare anyone to squeeze between
two covers a more varied, useful and
flat out entertaining sampling of
the personalities that make the
seventh art the liveliest."
David Hudson, IFC.com
David Hudson, IFC.com
Fast, Cheap, & Out of Control
on DVD
"We've agreed to be part of a collective perception ... To become
a crowd is to keep out death. To break off from the crowd is to risk
death as an individual, to face dying alone."
~ Don Delillo, White Noise
The search for knowledge has been Errol Morris' creative obsession
for over two decades now, although that itself is a highly narrow assessment
of what the documentarian has dug up in his journeys through pet cemeteries,
police stations, Stephen Hawking's brain, and elsewhere. Beginning with
1978's Gates of Heaven the completion of which made a
doubtful Werner Herzog live up to the promise to eat his own shoe
Morris has circumvented the conventional processes and methods for interrogating
humankind's manners and purpose; he's also rewritten the way his answers
are presented onscreen, changing the face of documentary film to the
point that the integrity of the (sometimes unnecessary) term is superfluous,
suspect, or both.
Take Gates of Heaven, which explored how humanity's greatest
fear, death, is sublimated through the passing of its pets and the elaborate
rituals and money-grubbing hustlers involved in their
removal from the living world. Or Thin Blue Line a masterpiece
of detective work itself that examines the criminal justice system's
inexplicable penchant for ignoring mountains of evidence in its quest
to furnish society with an endless line of sacrificial victims. Its
final scene, foregrounding a tape recorder silently recording a stream
of disembodied voices, is a sobering reminder of how dependent one person's
life can be on technology and its placement in Everyday Life.
But technology is nothing without a curious mind behind it, something
Morris also illustrated in his film on Stephen Hawking, one of our century's
most brilliant theorists, a man literally imprisoned within his flesh
and only able to communicate through a computer. Like most of Morris'
films, Brief History of Time was just as much about its subject,
Hawking himself, as it was about the daunting objects the scientist
considers, interrogates, and theorizes: time, space, and everything
in between. And this subtle but compelling relational maneuver is always
Morris' finest attribute: by presenting the subjects and objects found
within his films as inextricable from the tangled knot of human society
in general, Morris capably charts the trajectory of our species as it,
like Hawking, makes its way out of the prison of its own flesh.
So
consider Fast, Cheap, & Out of Control which Columbia
Tristar thankfully and finally rescued from its four-year hibernation
for a 2002 DVD release Morris' social history of that tangled
knot's collective ascension to an elusive immortality. And although
the film may technically be about four men who are, like Morris, both
obsessive and brilliant within their own creative domains (animal training,
the social networks of mole-rats, topiary gardening, and artificial
intelligence), it is just as much about what some in the military might
call command and control. And the madness that Morris finds in human
society's struggle for that power is most visibly noted in the director's
method, which refuses the usual domination of the narrative subject
that one comes to expect watching documentaries. Rather, Morris embraces
a sense of play, deftly disconnecting Fast, Cheap & Out of Control's
four stories into separate cinematic strands and then sometimes almost
randomly recombining them into one large narrative knot (surprise!).
This process allows each separate story to offer its unique perspective
on the bigger picture sociopolitical connectivity.
Which is why you might be confused when the film begins with an unexplained
segment from the old (and somewhat embarrassing) serial In Darkest
Africa, its grainy footage featuring a group of white explorers
menaced by a tiger before a (white) boy from the wild drops out of the
jungle unannounced to save them. While the stand-off with the tiger
might contextualize Dave Hoover's career choice (watching that show
started him down the animal trainer/tamer path), the conversation between
the "civilized" explorers and the "wild" boy about a legendary hidden
city hints at the colonial aspect of reaching Olympus that has characterized
our species since before the Greeks created gods. In fact, Morris' contemplation
of Hoover and his craft provides Fast, Cheap & Out of Control
with some of its more clever moments: splicing in sequences featuring
the circus' barely clothed acrobat babes as mole-rat specialist Ray
Mendez talks about human interaction (while describing his desire to
study animals who roll in their own feces) plays tongue-in-cheek enough
to make you crack a smile while acknowledging without condescension
Mendez's fascination with his hairless mammals. The same mammals who,
as Mendez notes, work collectively for the survival of their species,
but are nevertheless cutthroat enough to kill each other without a second
thought.
Indeed, one of Morris' most arresting and recurring images a
circus clown pointlessly racing to get away from a skeleton attached
to his back leaps in and out of the entire film as a reminder
of how humans just can't seem to get away from the inescapable fatality
that courses through their every move. Even in the midst of their most
benevolent interactions, they cannot help but live out an existence
bent on its own destruction. As Hoover says about his lifelong work
with lions, "If you aren't afraid", then you're gonna pay." Or,
as Mendez puts it, you're either the hunter or the hunted. Humans, just
like mole-rats, are never comfortable enough to ignore the desire to
tame their natural environments, until (again, like mole-rats) they're
imprisoned and put on display in a zoo.
And while Mendonça
and Brooks might approach their particular domains in a more Zen fashion,
both are still cognizant of how the natural environment functions as
both their palette and their enemy. Mendonça, the romantic artist who
allows the shape of a particular bush or tree dictate its artistic form
to him (and who, interestingly enough, is the only interviewee who talks
about his wife at length), acknowledges that his topiary garden is subject
to the whims of Nature's storms, including the one at the film's finale
that saturates his creations. Similarly, Brooks does not try to impose
a mastery of the environment on his AI robots, but rather a symbiotic
relationship with it. Introducing the ability to absorb and adapt to
failure is just as important as anything else to him; indeed, what else
is a robot but an avoidance of humanity's greatest failure, death itself?
But where all four narratives converge in their assertion that life
is impossibly tainted with that shadowed threat chasing the clowns around
Hoover's circus (another one of Morris' apt metaphors), each provides
with its own enthusiasm for knowledge and understanding what is so essentially
wonderful about humankind. Even as it is imprisoned by its own flesh,
circumstances, and natural desire for command and control, humans are
still just looking for a way to survive. Brooks' explanation that artificial
intelligence is less about getting nanotech dust robots to clean our
TVs than it is about birthing a more durable species that can withstand
the inevitable might of the natural world. Because as much as those
old serials and movies may wish it to be true, no one truly conquers
space and time.
Rather, we conquer mole-rats, lions and tigers, bushes and trees, and
the unnerving desire to build something that can at least be around
to witness the end of the universe.
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